The GS911 PC App has about the best simple description of adaptions of each type that you will find anywhere and closely matches the BMW description, dont waste your time searching the web, you will mostly find mis information
The reset and rebuild of adaptions whether it is BMW car or bike plus many other makes/models is often a first step diagnostic in the process of looking at a vehicle, discussion with a BMW rep here on the subject was enlightening a while back he mentioned a demo bike on a ride day was reported in the morning by riders as a dog, he had a reset/rebuild done over lunch and afternoon riders reported how well it performed